Energy intensity and emissions intensity are closely related but distinct indicators within the Aii Benchmark.

Energy intensity (kWh/kg) measures the amount of energy required to produce one kilogram of textile output. It reflects how efficiently a facility converts fuel into useful thermal and electrical energy, and is influenced by factors such as operational efficiency, machine utilization, process optimization, and maintenance practices. Therefore, it is largely within the facility’s control.

Emissions intensity (gCO₂e/kg) represents the greenhouse gas emissions linked to that energy use per kilogram of production. It depends not only on how much energy is consumed but also on the fuel types, the share of grid versus on-site generation, and the carbon intensity of the local power supply. While facilities can directly affect their emissions via improved eco-efficiency, fuel switching, renewable energy adoption, or power purchase agreements (PPAs), some factors, such as available fuel options and grid emission factors, remain outside their direct control.

The Aii Benchmark evaluates both indicators together. A facility may show strong energy efficiency but higher emissions if it relies on carbon-intensive fuels, or lower emissions despite higher energy use if powered by cleaner energy sources. Reporting both ensures performance is assessed comprehensively and facilities are compared fairly across different energy contexts.